How Female Naga Sadhus Are Making Their Mark At Maha Kumbh Mela

The Maha Kumbh Mela 2025 kickstarted on January 13, attracting devotees and visitors from across the globe. The city of Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, is painted with devotion, timeless tradition, and mysticism. As one of the world's largest spiritual gatherings unfolds, millions of sadhus, pilgrims, and seekers converge at the confluence of the Ganga, Yamuna, and Saraswati rivers to seek blessings and purification. 

Amid these worshippers are the Naga Sadhus, whose mysticism captivates the intrigue of many. They are ascetics known to renounce worldly attachments and dedicate their lives to spirituality. They are identified by their ash-smeared bodies, dreadlocks, and minimal clothing. While traditionally male-dominated, recent years have seen an increasing presence of female Naga Sadhus.

Who Are The Female Naga Sadhus?

The female Naga Sadhus undergo a rigorous initiation process -- same as the males -- undergoing intense spiritual tests and training before being accepted as Naga Sadhus. They also perform a self-pind daan — a ritual usually performed after someone’s death — marking the end of their past life and their rebirth as ascetics.

According to a report in Outlook, female Naga Sadhus are required to observe 'strict' celibacy for six to twelve years before initiation. They often retreat to isolated places such as caves, forests, or mountains for their sadhana (penance). They live within akharas, or monastic orders, where they follow strict rituals and practices.

While male Naga Sadhus typically remain unclothes, the women are not required to do so. They wear an unstitched saffron cloth called “Ganti”. They have dreadlocked hair and mark their forehead with a tilak. The female Naga Sadhus are regarded as a deeply important part of the community and are referred to as Mata, or mother.

Why Naga Sadhus Are Important To Maha Kumbh

According to Telegraph India, India has about 4 lakh Naga Sadhus, who hold a symbolic attachment to the Maha Kumbh Mela. They are honoured with the first bathing rights at the annual festival. The ritual is believed to cleanse sins and foster spiritual growth. Only after Naga Sadhus are other devotees allowed to take a dip.

Naga Sadhus create a vibrant atmosphere at the Maha Kumbh, arriving with a grand procession, displaying their martial skills, and chanting sacred mantras. They are revered for their spiritual powers and devotion, inspiring millions of devotees. Their presence at the Maha Kumbh Mela is considered a blessing.